1/28/2004   slide 20
Levels of Meaning
•Denotative: describing or indicating something (e.g., a cow was in this field)
•Connotative: Another level of coding, usually signifying higher-level meanings (e.g., we should return to our agricultural ways)
–Metonymic: signifier is associated with something else and thus represents that something else. (The White house can be used to represent the President.)
–Synecdochal: signifier is part of a whole, which it then represents (or the whole represents a part). The Statue of Liberty is often used to signify NYC. 
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