1/28/2004   slide 33
Perception Theory Meets Culture Theory in The Science of Beauty
•How do higher-level issues fit into ecological theories of vision? Science of beauty interesting example: combines issues of
–Power of images
–Power of media
–Gender roles
–Psychology
–Evolutionary theory/ecology
–Gestalt: symmetry, grouping (beauty as symmetry study)
•Ectoff describes research showing perception of female beauty may be in part hard-wired
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Almirantis, Y. 1995. Left-right asymmetry in vertebrates. BioEssays
Cancar, D. 1995. Sex and the symmetrical body. New Scientist
Enquist, M., A. Arak. 1994. Symmetry, beauty and evolution. Nature
Etcoff, N. 1999.  The Beauty of Science, Survival of the Prettiest
Eugene, A. 1998. I Want To Be Beautiful, interview
Gould, S. J. 1998. The allure of equal halves. The Sciences
Grammer, K., R. Thornhill. 1994. Human (Homo sapiens) facial attractiveness and sexual selection: the role of symmetry and averageness. Journal of Comparative Psychology
Symmetry and beauty

Mealey, L., R. Bridgstock, G. C. Townsend. 1999. Symmetry and perceived facial attractiveness: a monozygotic co-twin comparison. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Samuels, C. A., G. Butterworth, T. Roberts, L. Graupner, G. Hole. 1994. Facial aesthetics: babies prefer attractiveness to symmetry. Perception
Scutt, D.,  J. T. Manning. 1996. Symmetry and ovulation in women. Human Reproduction
Swaddle, J. P., I. C. Cuthill. 1995. Asymmetry and human facial attractiveness: symmetry may not always be beautiful. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences
UTMB, Galveston, TX - Dept of Otolaryngology - Facial Analysis; October 1, 1997