ACM Computing Surveys
Hypertext and Hypermedia Symposium

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Full Index

1-set
  in Xanadu content links; [Nelson 1999k]
2-set
  in Xanadu content links; [Nelson 1999k]
3 1/2D graphics
  as Xanadu design idea, tagged to date and Xanadu design reference ID; [Nelson 1999k]
3-set
  in Xanadu content links; [Nelson 1999k]
3D visualization
  hypertext, with spatial environments, [Dieberger 1995] bibliographic reference; [Shipman 1999a]
  of WWW; [Mukherjea 1999], [Benford 1999]
Aalborg University
  HBMS research; [Wiil 1999c]
  publications; [Wiil 1999c]
Aarhus University
  HBMS research; [Wiil 1999c]
Aarseth, Espin J.
  bibliographic references, [Aarseth 1997]; [Bernstein 1999]
Aberer, Karl
  bibliographic references, [Bapat 1996]; [Wiil 1999c]
abstractions
  See Also concepts
  data, HMOS relationship; [Wiil 1999c]
  different levels
     CASE environment support; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     support for, (figure); [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  as information space simplification technique; [Mukherjea 1999]
  methods, Integrating Content Search with Structure Analysis for Hypermedia Retrieval and Management; [Li 1999]
  structural, vs. data-based abstractions, as SC defining characteristic; [Wiil 1999c]
  visualization issues; [Mukherjea 1999]
access
  control, as multiple open services core collaboration service; [Wiil 1999c]
  information
     domain relationship analysis of; [Bieber 1999]
     large hypertext issues; [Tudhope 1999]
  maximum, domain relationship analysis support of; [Bieber 1999]
  modification, adaptive hypertext use; [Bodner 1999a]
  namespace, in XPath, [Bray 1999] bibliographic reference; [DeRose 1999a]
  non-sequential, hypertext as; [Lewis 1999]
access mechanisms
  See 
     browsing
     indexing
     IR (information retrieval)
     maps
     navigation
     paths
     search
     spatial
     tours
     trails
     views
  See Also structure(s)
Ackermann, Philipp
  bibliographic references, [Ackermann 1994]; [Hardman 1999a]
ACM
  Computing Classification, [ACM 1998] bibliographic reference; [Tudhope 1999]
  copyright policy, [Denning 1998] bibliographic reference and URL; [Nelson 1999k]
  transcopyright endorsement in principle, [Denning 1998] bibliographic reference and URL; [Nelson 1999k]
acteme
  See Also activities
  trail marking activities relationship to, [Rosenberg 1996] bibliographic reference; [Reich 1999a]
activities
  See Also dynamic
  social networks, trail making; [Reich 1999a]
  trail-making, components of; [Reich 1999a]
  user, trail generation by; [Reich 1999a]
ad hoc
  dependencies, as implicit relationship; [Anderson 1999b]
adaptive hypermedia
  See AHS (adaptive hypermedia systems)
"Adaptive Hypermedia: From Systems to Framework"; [De Bra 1999]
address(es)/addressing
  See Also 
     ID (identifiers)
     naming
     versioning
  centralized root node management, vs. Xanadu rootless tumbler addressing system, [Nelson 1987] bibliographic reference; [Nelson 1999k]
  content links
     advantages over address-based links; [Nelson 1999k]
     in Xanadu; [Nelson 1999k]
  fragility, as deficiency W3C URN and DOI standards seek to solve; [DeRose 1999a]
  global address space
     Internet difficulties with; [Nelson 1999k]
     Xanadu management of; [Nelson 1999k]
  HTML alternatives; [Verbyla 1999]
  HTML deficiencies that XML addresses; [DeRose 1999a]
  HTML link disadvantages; [Verbyla 1999]
  HTML link limitations; [Verbyla 1999]
  mechanisms distinguished from, linkiing; [DeRose 1999a]
  permanent, as hallmark of Xanadu data model; [Nelson 1999k]
  referential data model, transclusion finding with; [Nelson 1999k]
  stabilized universal addresses, as Xanadu design idea, tagged to date and Xanadu design reference ID; [Nelson 1999k]
  tumbler, as Xanadu design idea, tagged to date and Xanadu design reference ID; [Nelson 1999k]
  Xanadu enfilade theory; [Nelson 1999k]
  XPath, limitations; [DeRose 1999a]
  XPointer, XPath relationship to; [DeRose 1999a]
address-based links
  limitations; [Verbyla 1999]
"afternoon: a story"
  divergent experiences in reading; [Bernstein 1999]
  [Joyce 1990] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
  link topology analysis; [Bernstein 1999]
agents
  See Also 
     AHS (adaptive hypermedia systems)
     AI (artificial intelligence)
     dynamic
  intermediary hypertext
     CASE environment role; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     in MetaEdit+, (figure); [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  software
     [Carr 1998] bibliographic reference; [Reich 1999a]
     [Pikrakis 1998] bibliographic reference; [Reich 1999a]
     Where Have You Been From Here? Trails in Hypertext Systems; [Reich 1999a]
  trail-making use; [Reich 1999a]
  versioning, in HyperClas, [Dattolo 1996] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
aggregation
  See Also 
     collections
     composites
  as information space simplification technique; [Mukherjea 1999]
  links, in Parunak's taxonomy; [Kopak 1999]
  structures, missing from the WWW; [Li 1999]
aging
  See Also versioning
  of browsing history, fogging as technique for; [Benford 1999]
Agosti, Maristella
  bibliographic references
     [Agosti 1995]; [Tudhope 1999]
     [Agosti 1996]; [Wilkinson 1999]
     [Agosti 1997]; [Furner 1999], [Wilkinson 1999]
Agrawal, Rakesh
  bibliographic references, [Chakrabarti 1998a]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
AHS (adaptive hypermedia systems)
  See Also 
     dynamic
     guard fields
     hypertext/hypermedia, system types
  "Adaptive Hypermedia: From Systems to Framework²; [De Bra 1999]
  customization need addressed by; [Bodner 1999a]
  framework for; [De Bra 1999]
  hypermedia reference model, [De Bra 1999] bibliographic reference; [De Bra 1999]
  links, dynamic links vs.; [Bodner 1999a]
  navigation support; [De Bra 1999]
     [Brusilovsky 1996] bibliographic reference; [De Bra 1999]
  presentations; [De Bra 1999]
     support, [Brusilovsky 1996] bibliographic reference; [De Bra 1999]
     use of grayed out text, [Hothi 1998] bibliographic reference; [De Bra 1999]
  review of techniques and systems, [Brusilovsky 1996] bibliographic reference; [De Bra 1999]
  supplementing authored links with dynamically generated links in dynamic hypertext; [Bodner 1999a]
  user model role; [Bodner 1999a]
Aiken, Peter
  bibliographic references, [Roth 1994]; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
Akscyn, Robert M.
  bibliographic references
     [Akscyn 1988]; [Wiil 1999c], [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     [McCracken 1984]; [Hardman 1999a]
Al-Halimi, Reem
  bibliographic references
     [Al-Halimi 1998]; [Green 1999a]
     [Kazman 1996]; [Green 1999a]
Alexander, Christopher
  bibliographic references, [Alexander 1977]; [Rossi 1999]
algorithms
  See Also patterns
  co-citation, Web path identification use; [Li 1999]
  companion, Web path identification use; [Li 1999]
  crawling; [Li 1999]
  graph; [Kleinberg 1999]
  greedy, lexical chaining; [Green 1999a]
  HyperClass iterative relaxation algorithm, circularity resolution by, [Chakrabarti 1998c] bibliographic reference; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  information retrieval, as link discovery technique, [Allen 1996] bibliographic reference; [Verbyla 1999]
  lexical chaining
     [Barzilay 1997] bibliographic reference; [Green 1999a]
     [Green 1999] bibliographic reference; [Green 1999a]
     [Hirst 1998] bibliographic reference; [Green 1999a]
     [Stairmand 1994] bibliographic reference; [Green 1999a]
  non-numerical; [Kleinberg 1999]
  search, potential for universal address space analysis; [Nelson 1999k]
  topic distillation; [Li 1999]
  Xanadu; [Nelson 1999k]
alias
  as transclusion form; [Nelson 1999k]
Allan, James
  bibliographic references
     [Agosti 1997]; [Wilkinson 1999]
     [Allan 1997]; [Green 1999a], [Wilkinson 1999]
Allen, James
  bibliographic references, [Allen 1996]; [Verbyla 1999]
Allinson, Lesley
  bibliographic references, [Hammond 1989]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
Alter, Steven
  bibliographic references, [Alter 1996]; [Bieber 1999a]
ambiguity
  constructive, spatial hypertext support of; [Shipman 1999a]
  importance in literary interpretation; [Shipman 1999a]
  representation difficulties, as open hypermedia research challege; [Shipman 1999a]
  representation in spatial hypertext; [Shipman 1999a]
  as WWW information retrieval problem; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
Amerika, Mark
  See Also fiction (hypertext)
  bibliographic references, [Amerika 1997]; [Bernstein 1999]
Amsellem, Maurice
  bibliographic references, [Amsellem, 1995]; [Anderson 1999b]
Amsterdam Hypertext Model
  See time
analysis
  See Also 
     argumentation
     classification
     relationships
     taxonomy
     user studies
  citation analysis methods, scientific journal, [Egghe 1990] bibliographic reference; [Kleinberg 1999]
  content, indexing and; [Li 1999]
  cost/benefit, in domain relationship analysis; [Bieber 1999]
  document, transpointing window use for; [Nelson 1999k]
  Generalized Similarity Analysis framework, as virtual hypertext structuring mechanism; [Mukherjea 1999]
  prominance ranking
     of social networks, [Hubbell 1965] bibliographic reference; [Kleinberg 1999]
     of social networks, [Katz 1953] bibliographic reference; [Kleinberg 1999]
     of social networks, [Wasserman 1994] bibliographic reference; [Kleinberg 1999]
  relationship; [Bieber 1999]
     application, [Bieber 1999a] bibliographic reference; [Bieber 1999]
     [Bieber 1999a] bibliographic reference; [Bieber 1999a]
     tools and methods for; [Bieber 1999]
  scholarly, capturing in hypertext link topologies; [Bernstein 1999]
  structure, integration with content search; [Li 1999]
  universal address space, Xanadu approaches; [Nelson 1999k]
anchors
  See Also link(s)/linking
  definition; [Verbyla 1999]
  as Dexter hypertext reference model, hypertext component; [Carr 1999]
  fine-grained
     as WWW XML Linking working group goal; [DeRose 1999a]
     XPath support; [DeRose 1999a]
  link relationships to; [Davis 1999a]
  location of
     embedded; [Davis 1999a]
     external, in link databases; [Davis 1999a]
  as nested, as potential consequence of separation of links and documents; [Verbyla 1999]
  term definition, in XLink; [DeRose 1999a]
Anderson, Kenneth M.
  See Also Chimera
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Supporting software engineering with open hypermedia"; [Anderson 1999b]
  bibliographic references
     [Anderson 1994]; [Wiil 1999c], [Carr 1999], [Anderson 1999b]
     [Anderson 1996]; [Bieber 1999a]
     [Anderson 1997]; [Wiil 1999c], [Carr 1999]
     [Anderson, 1997]; [Anderson 1999b]
     [Anderson, 1999a]; [Anderson 1999b]
     [Anderson, 1999b]; [Anderson 1999b]
     [Anderson 1999b]; [Cailliau 1999]
     [Davis 1999]; [Lewis 1999]
Andrews, Keith
  See Also Hyper-G
  bibliographic references, [Andrews 1995]; [Mukherjea 1999], [Carr 1999], [Wilkinson 1999]
annotations
  See Also 
     bookmarks
     collaborative/collaboration
     commentary
     extensibility
     reader(s)/reading
     Xanadu
  assistants, hypertext authoring system use for; [Furner 1999]
  controversy over, [Krantz 1999]; [Cailliau 1999]
  of design diagrams, Linking Ability support; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  emergent, versioning encouragement of, [Maioli 1994] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
  external, as WWW XML Linking working group goal; [DeRose 1999a]
  external links advantages for; [DeRose 1999a]
  HTML link reference issues; [DeRose 1999a]
  as hypermedia journal need; [Treloar 1999]
  hypertext, added value for computer applications; [Bieber 1999a]
  as hypertext role in CASE; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  link, adaptive hypertext use; [Bodner 1999a]
  link specification issues; [Verbyla 1999]
  mechanisms that constitute; [Bieber 1999a]
  personal, hypertext authoring system use for; [Furner 1999]
  potential
     as linkbase advantage, [Davis 1995] bibliographic reference; [Verbyla 1999]
     as linkbase advantage, [Röscheisen 1995] bibliographic reference; [Verbyla 1999]
  transpointing window use for; [Nelson 1999k]
  versioning issues; [Vitali 1999]
  WWW, Microcosm use; [DeRose 1999a]
  Xanadu content link advantages; [Nelson 1999k]
  as Xanadu goal; [Nelson 1999k]
  XLink support of; [DeRose 1999a]
applets
  See Also WWW (World Wide Web), enhancement tools
  as HTML deficiencies workaround; [DeRose 1999a]
application(s)
  See Also OHS (Open Hypermedia Systems)
  adding hypertext functionality to; [Bieber 1999a]
  HTF support
     inter-application requirements; [Bieber 1999a]
     intra-application vs. inter-application; [Bieber 1999a]
  hypermedia, developing, methods and patterns use for; [Rossi 1999]
  interpenetrating structures as alternative to, as Xanadu design idea, tagged to date and Xanadu design reference ID; [Nelson 1999k]
  MOS middleware services handling; [Wiil 1999c]
  non-hypertext, providing hypertext support for; [Bieber 1999a]
  relationships
     among objections and functions, design issues; [Bieber 1999]
     analysis of; [Bieber 1999]
  retrofitting hypertext into; [Bieber 1999a]
  system design, hypertext primary vs. hypertext supplemental; [Bieber 1999a]
  third-party
     integration, as OHS characteristic; [Anderson 1999b]
     integration, as OHS characteristic, [Davis 1994] bibliographic reference; [Anderson 1999b]
     integration, as OHS characteristic, [Whitehead 1997] bibliographic reference; [Anderson 1999b]
applicative linking
  in Xanadu; [Nelson 1999k]
"Applying Hypertext and Hypermedia to Scholarly Journals Enables Both Product and Process Innovation"; [Treloar 1999]
Aquanet
  See Also 
     Marshall, Catherine C.
     spatial hypertext
     VIKI
     Xerox PARC
  user experiences, [Marshall 1992] bibliographic reference; [Shipman 1999a]
arc
  term definition, in XLink; [DeRose 1999a]
ARC
  as topic distillation technique, [Kleinberg 1998] bibliographic reference; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
architecture
  See Also framework(s)
  client-server, Microcosm alternative to; [Carr 1999]
  information, semantic tagging role; [Tudhope 1999]
  Microcosm; [Carr 1999]
  open, as MOS environment characteristic; [Wiil 1999c]
  open hypermedia services; [Carr 1999]
archival/archiving
  See Also versioning
  multimedia data, Microcosm link service for; [Carr 1999]
  stability, as open hypermedia link service issue; [Carr 1999]
  versioning importance in; [Vitali 1999]
Arents, Hans C.
  bibliographic references, [Arents 1993]; [Tudhope 1999]
argumentation
  See Also 
     analysis
     gIBIS
  electronic requirements; [Nelson 1999k]
  structures
     capturing in hypertext link topologies; [Bernstein 1999]
     capturing in hypertext link topologies, [Conklin 1988] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
     in Trigg's link taxonomy; [Kopak 1999]
  support
     [Conklin 1987] bibliographic reference; [Wiil 1999c]
     (footnote); [Kopak 1999]
     as hypermedia structuring principles application; [Wiil 1999c]
     [McCall et al. 1990] bibliographic reference; [Wiil 1999c]
     [Nürnberg 1997], (footnote) bibliographic reference; [Kopak 1999]
  transpointing window use for; [Nelson 1999k]
Arnold, Mary Kim
  See Also 
     Eastgate, authors
     fiction
  bibliographic references, [Arnold 1993]; [Bernstein 1999]
Arocena, Gustavo
  bibliographic references, [Arocena 1998]; [Li 1999]
arrival
  See Also Landow, George
  as component of link semantics; [Verbyla 1999]
Art and Architecture Thesaurus
  [AAT 1999] bibliographic reference; [Tudhope 1999]
  as thesaurus example, [AAT 1999] bibliographic reference; [Tudhope 1999]
Ashman, Helen
  See Also models/modeling, of hypertext concepts
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Hypertext in the Web - a history"; [Cailliau 1999]
  bibliographic references
     [Ashman 1997]; [Bodner 1999a], [Wilkinson 1999], [Bieber 1999a], [Verbyla 1999]
     [Ashman 1997a]; [Verbyla 1999]
     [Ashman 2000]; [Cailliau 1999]
     [Bieber 1997]; [Reich 1999a], [Cailliau 1999]
     [Bieber 1997b]; [Vitali 1999a], [Bieber 1999a]
     [Nürnberg 1999]; [Shipman 1999a], [Cailliau 1999]
     [Verbyla 1994]; [Verbyla 1999], [Cailliau 1999]
Aslandogan, Y. Alp
  bibliographic references, [Aslandogan 1997]; [Tudhope 1999]
Assfalg, Rolf
  bibliographic references, [Rittberger 1994]; [Wiil 1999c]
associative/associations
  See Also 
     correlation
     link(s)/linking
  of behavior with XML element types, stylesheets use for; [DeRose 1999a]
  building among data
     [Bush 1945] bibliographic reference; [Wiil 1999c]
     [Nelson 1967] bibliographic reference; [Wiil 1999c]
     structural computing support; [Wiil 1999c]
  links
     navigation use; [Lewis 1999]
     in Parunak's taxonomy; [Kopak 1999]
  recall use in information access, [Bush 1945] bibliographic reference; [Wiil 1999c]
  relationships, as thesaurus relationship; [Tudhope 1999]
atemporal composites
  See Also time
  gathering mechanism for; [Hardman 1999a]
  SMIL 1.0 omission; [Hardman 1999a]
Atkins, Madeleine J.
  bibliographic references
     [Atkins 1989]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
     [Yildiz 1993]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
attributes
  See Also 
     classification
     properties
     type(s)/typing
  document, linking based on; [Carr 1999]
  link, Linking Ability support of queries over; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  of links; [Verbyla 1999]
  as multiple open services core hypermedia service; [Wiil 1999c]
  named, in XML; [DeRose 1999a]
  relationships, in domain relationship analysis; [Bieber 1999]
  visual, relationship representation by; [Shipman 1999a]
audio
  See Also 
     hypermedia
     multimedia
  content-based retrieval, MIDI format advantages; [Lewis 1999]
  data, Microcosm link service for; [Carr 1999]
  XML element class advantages for; [DeRose 1999a]
auditorium metaphor
  See Also metaphors
  as hypermedia visualization metaphor, [Terveen 1998] bibliographic reference; [Mukherjea 1999]
Augment/NLS
  See Also pioneer projects
  hyper-document branching, [Engelbart 1984] bibliographic reference; [Shipman 1999a]
augmentation
  See Also 
     AHS (adaptive hypertext system)
     dynamic
  of existing applications, with hypertext functionality, [Bieber 1997a] bibliographic reference; [Bieber 1999a]
  of SQL linkbases, for WWW searching; [Li 1999]
author/authoring
  See Also 
     annotation
     reader/reading
     writer/writing
  cognitive overhead
     See Also spatial hypertext
     as versioning author cost; [Vitali 1999]
  collaborative, versioning importance for; [Vitali 1999]
  domination, in HTML link references; [DeRose 1999a]
  environments, long transactions in, versioning importance for, [Wiil 1993] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
  exploratory, versioning advantages for; [Vitali 1999]
  hypertext
     issues, consistency, [Ellis 1994] bibliographic reference; [Wilkinson 1999]
     issues, scaling; [Wilkinson 1999]
     issues, volatility, [Thistlewaite 1997] bibliographic reference; [Wilkinson 1999]
     link typing role; [Kopak 1999]
     manual vs. automatic link generation; [Furner 1999]
  links
     damage to Berners-Lee's distributed hypertext system proposal by NCSA Mosaic; [Cailliau 1999]
     key feature of Bush's vision, [Bush 1945] bibliographic reference; [Cailliau 1999]
     readers as, [Bush 1945] bibliographic reference; [Furner 1999]
     in supplementing with dynamically generated links; [Bodner 1999a]
     support for, [Carr 1995] bibliographic reference; [Cailliau 1999]
     support for, [NCSA 1995] bibliographic reference; [Cailliau 1999]
     support for, [Röscheisen 1995] bibliographic reference; [Cailliau 1999]
  multi, versioning advantages; [Vitali 1999]
  in NeXTStep browser, for Berners-Lee's distributed hypertext system proposal; [Cailliau 1999]
  as primary link generator, in traditional hypertext; [Bodner 1999a]
  reduction of effort, as query-based dynamic hypertext advantage; [Bodner 1999a]
  spatial hypertext aids; [Vitali 1999]
  strong
     as hypertext model, characteristics and weaknesses; [Bodner 1999a]
     as primary link generator in traditional hypertext; [Bodner 1999a]
  versioning advantages and disadvantages; [Vitali 1999]
  weak, query-based dynamic hypertext use with; [Bodner 1999a]
authorities/authoritative
  See Also authors/authoring
  in HITS, [Kleinberg 1998] bibliographic reference; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  hubs, communities and, [Kleinberg 2000] bibliographic reference; [Kleinberg 1999]
  pages, term description; [Li 1999]
  as prominant content sources; [Kleinberg 1999]
authors
  Anderson, Kenneth M.; [Anderson 1999b]
  Ashman, Helen; [Cailliau 1999]
  Balasubramanian, V.; [Bieber 1999a]
  Benford, Steve; [Benford 1999]
  Bernstein, Mark; [Bernstein 1999]
  Bieber, Michael; [Bieber 1999], [Bieber 1999a]
  Bodner, Richard; [Bodner 1999a]
  Brailsford, David; [Benford 1999]
  Brusilovsky, Peter; [De Bra 1999]
  Bulterman, Dick C. A.; [Hardman 1999a]
  Cailliau, Robert; [Cailliau 1999]
  Candan, K. Selçuk; [Li 1999]
  Carr, Leslie A.; [Carr 1999], [Lewis 1999], [Reich 1999a]
  Chakrabarti, Soumen; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  Chignell, Mark; [Bodner 1999a]
  Craven, Mike; [Benford 1999]
  Cunliffe, Daniel; [Tudhope 1999]
  Davis, Hugh C.; [Davis 1999a]
  De Bra, Paul; [De Bra 1999]
  De Roure, David; [Carr 1999], [Lewis 1999]
  De Roure, David C.; [Reich 1999a]
  DeRose, Steven J.; [DeRose 1999a]
  Ellis, David; [Furner 1999]
  Engelbart, Douglas C.; [Engelbart 1998]
  Fraser, Mike; [Benford 1999]
  Furner, Jonathan; [Furner 1999]
  Green, Stephen J.; [Green 1999a]
  Greenhalgh, Chris; [Benford 1999]
  Hall, Wendy; [Carr 1999], [Lewis 1999], [Reich 1999a]
  Hardman, Lynda; [Hardman 1999a]
  Houben, Geert-Jan; [De Bra 1999]
  Kleinberg, Jon; [Kleinberg 1999]
  Koleva, Boriana; [Benford 1999]
  Kopak, Richard W.; [Kopak 1999]
  Leggett, John J.; [Wiil 1999c]
  Lewis, Paul; [Lewis 1999]
  Li, Wen-Syan; [Li 1999]
  Lyardet, Fernando; [Rossi 1999]
  Marshall, Catherine C.; [Shipman 1999a]
  Mukherjea, Sougata; [Mukherjea 1999]
  Nürnberg, Peter J.; [Wiil 1999c]
  Nelson, Theodor Holm; [Nelson 1999k], [Nelson 1998d]
  Oinas-Kukkonen, Harri; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999], [Bieber 1999a]
  Reich, Siegfried; [Reich 1999a]
  Reynard, Gail; [Benford 1999]
  Rossi, Gustavo; [Rossi 1999]
  Rutledge, Lloyd; [Hardman 1999a]
  Schwabe, Daniel; [Rossi 1999]
  Shipman, Frank M. III; [Shipman 1999a]
  Smeaton, Alan F.; [Wilkinson 1999]
  Taylor, Ian; [Benford 1999]
  Treloar, Andrew E.; [Treloar 1999]
  Tudhope, Douglas; [Tudhope 1999]
  van Dam, Andries; [van Dam 1999]
  van Oseenbruggen, Jacco; [Hardman 1999a]
  Verbyla, Janet; [Verbyla 1999]
  Vitali, Fabio; [Vitali 1999]
  Wilkinson, Ross; [Wilkinson 1999]
  Will, Uffe K.; [Wiil 1999c]
  Willett, Peter; [Furner 1999]
  Yoo, Joonhee; [Bieber 1999]
Autodesk
  transpointing window implementation at; [Nelson 1999k]
automated/automatic
  See Also author/authoring
  hypertext
     construction, lexical chaining approaches; [Green 1999a]
     generation; [Wilkinson 1999]
     generation, lexical semantics use in; [Green 1999a]
  indexing
     contrasted with semantic indexes; [Tudhope 1999]
     human indexing compared with; [Furner 1999]
     [Salton 1989] bibliographic reference; [Furner 1999]
  link creation techniques; [Furner 1999]
     [Agosti 1997] bibliographic reference; [Furner 1999]
     [Crestani 1998] bibliographic reference; [Furner 1999]
     [Melucci 1999] bibliographic reference; [Furner 1999]
     performance comparison, [Blustein 1999] bibliographic reference; [Furner 1999]
  reasoning, as minimalist semantic modeling motivation; [Tudhope 1999]
  resource discovery
     [Chakrabarti 2000] bibliographic reference; [Reich 1999a]
     trail-making vs.; [Reich 1999a]
  WWW resource discovery; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
"Automatic Link Generation"; [Wilkinson 1999]
automation
  as link specification, as potential consequence of separation of links and documents, [Verbyla 1994] bibliographic reference; [Verbyla 1999]
avatars
  See Also agents
  in virtual reality collaboration, 3D WWW visualization support for, [Benford 1996] bibliographic reference; [Benford 1999]
axes
  of trees, extended pointers use for navigation along; [DeRose 1999a]
  in XPath syntax; [DeRose 1999a]
Ayars, Jeff
  bibliographic references, [Ayars 1999]; [Hardman 1999a]
back operation
  as browser link supplement; [Cailliau 1999]
backends
  See Also UI (user interface)
  structure-aware, benefits of; [Wiil 1999c]
backtracking
  See Also versioning
  support for, as Xanadu goal; [Nelson 1999k]
  as trail possibility but not a tour possibility; [Reich 1999a]
  on trails, semantics and recording issues; [Reich 1999a]
  in trails but not tours, [Bieber 1994] bibliographic reference; [Reich 1999a]
  in Xanadu, [Nelson 1999k] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
backup
  See Also versioning
  as versioning advantage; [Vitali 1999]
Baclace, Paul
  as Xanadu designer; [Nelson 1999k]
Baddeley, A. D.
  bibliographic references, [Baddeley 1976]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
Baeza-Yates, R.
  bibliographic references, [Frakes 1992]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
Baird, P.
  bibliographic references, [Baird 1989]; [Bodner 1999a]
Baker, J.
  bibliographic references, [Smoliar 1996]; [Lewis 1999]
Balasubramanian, P.
  bibliographic references, [Isakowitz 1995]; [Lewis 1999], [Bieber 1999], [Bieber 1999a]
Balasubramanian, V.
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Hypertext functionality"; [Bieber 1999a]
  bibliographic references
     [Balasubramanian 1998]; [Bieber 1999], [Bieber 1999a]
     [Bieber 1997]; [Reich 1999a], [Cailliau 1999]
     [Bieber 1997b]; [Vitali 1999a], [Bieber 1999a]
     [Bieber 1999]; [Vitali 1999a]
     [Bieber 1999a]; [Anderson 1999b]
Bamford, H.
  bibliographic references, [Bamford 1972]; [Treloar 1999]
bandwidth
  as time-based hypermedia issue; [Hardman 1999a]
Bapat, Ajit
  bibliographic references, [Bapat 1996]; [Wiil 1999c]
Barbosa, S. D. J.
  bibliographic references, [Schwabe 1996]; [Bieber 1999], [Bieber 1999a]
Bareiss, Ray
  bibliographic references, [Cleary 1996]; [Kopak 1999]
Barnard, D. T.
  bibliographic references, [Fahmy 1990]; [Wilkinson 1999]
Baron, L.
  bibliographic references
     [Baron 1994]; [Kopak 1999]
     [Baron 1996]; [Kopak 1999]
Baronas, Jean
  bibliographic references, [Moline 1990]; [DeRose 1999a]
Bartram, L.
  bibliographic references, [Schaffer 1996]; [Mukherjea 1999]
Barus, William
  as Xanadu designer; [Nelson 1999k]
Barzilay, R.
  bibliographic references, [Barzilay 1997]; [Green 1999a]
Basak, G. C.
  bibliographic references, [Basak 1987]; [Furner 1999]
Bates, M. J.
  bibliographic references, [Bates 1986]; [Furner 1999]
Battista, G.
  bibliographic references, [Battista 1993]; [Mukherjea 1999]
bayesian
  See Also IR (information retrieval)
  as feature classifier, resource discovery use; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
Beale, R.
  bibliographic references, [Hendley 1995]; [Mukherjea 1999], [Benford 1999]
Beaumont, I.
  bibliographic references, [Beaumont 1994]; [De Bra 1999]
Beckwith, R.
  bibliographic references
     [Beckwith 1991]; [Green 1999a]
     [Miller 1993]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
Begeman, M. L.
  bibliographic references
     [Conklin 1987]; [Wiil 1999c]
     [Conklin 1988]; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999], [Shipman 1999a], [Bernstein 1999]
     [Conklin 1989]; [Bieber 1999a]
behavior(s)
  See Also 
     adaptive
     dynamic
  associating with XML element types, stylesheets use for; [DeRose 1999a]
  citation, MRF capture and use of; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  customization of, in dynamic hypertext; [Bodner 1999a]
  implementation, as hypertext model dimension; [Bodner 1999a]
  link
     excluded from Dexter hypertext reference model; [Carr 1999]
     separating from link types, as XLink strength; [DeRose 1999a]
  of linking
     within linear multimedia presentations; [Hardman 1999a]
     among linear multimedia presentations; [Hardman 1999a]
  links with, XML impact on WWW, [DeRose 1999] bibliographic reference; [Cailliau 1999]
  as multiple open services core hypermedia service; [Wiil 1999c]
  that constitute navigation; [Bieber 1999a]
  of time-based hypermedia presentations, semantic issues; [Hardman 1999a]
  XLink elements, categories of; [DeRose 1999a]
  XML element class association, advantages of; [DeRose 1999a]
Beishuizen, J.
  bibliographic references, [Verheij 1996]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
Bellcore
  Latent Semantic Indexing project, performance comparison of SMART with; [Furner 1999]
Benford, Steven D.
  ACM-CSHT publication, "Three dimensional visualization of the World Wide Web"; [Benford 1999]
  bibliographic references
     [Benford 1995]; [Benford 1999]
     [Benford 1996]; [Benford 1999]
     [Benford 1997]; [Benford 1999]
     [Benford 1999]; [Mukherjea 1999], [De Bra 1999]
     [Brown 1996]; [Benford 1999]
     [Ingram 1996]; [Benford 1999]
     [Snowdon 1997]; [Benford 1999]
Bennett, P.
  bibliographic references, [McCall 1990]; [Wiil 1999c]
Berners-Lee, Tim J.
  bibliographic references
     [Berners-Lee 1989]; [Cailliau 1999]
     [Berners-Lee 1992]; [Carr 1999]
     [Berners-Lee 1994]; [Wiil 1999c]
     [Berners-Lee 1997]; [Carr 1999]
     [Berners-Lee 1998]; [Tudhope 1999], [DeRose 1999a]
  distributed hypertext system proposal, [[Berners-Lee 1989] bibliographic reference; [Cailliau 1999]
  scholarly communication concerns; [Treloar 1999]
Bernstein, Mark
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Structural patterns and hypertext rhetoric"; [Bernstein 1999]
  bibliographic references
     [Bernstein 1988]; [Bernstein 1999]
     [Bernstein 1989]; [Bernstein 1999]
     [Bernstein 1990]; [Wilkinson 1999]
     [Bernstein 1992]; [Bernstein 1999]
     [Bernstein 1996]; [Shipman 1999a]
     [Bernstein 1998a]; [Bernstein 1999]
     [Bernstein 1998b]; [Bernstein 1999]
Bernstein, P. A.
  bibliographic references, [Bernstein 1996]; [Wiil 1999c]
Beynon-Davies, P.
  bibliographic references
     [Beynon-Davies 1994]; [Lewis 1999]
     [Tudhope 1994]; [Tudhope 1999]
Bharat, K.
  bibliographic references
     [Bharat 1998]; [Li 1999]
     [Bharat 1998a]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Bharat 1998b]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Bharat 1998c]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Bharat 1999]; [Li 1999]
bi-directional links
  See Also link(s)/linking
  as link type; [Davis 1999a]
  as WWW XML Linking working group goal; [DeRose 1999a]
  XLink support of; [DeRose 1999a]
Bieber, Michael P.
  ACM-CSHT publications
     "Hypermedia: a design philosophy"; [Bieber 1999]
     "Hypertext functionality"; [Bieber 1999a]
  bibliographic references
     [Balasubramanian 1998]; [Bieber 1999]
     [Beiber 1992]; [Bodner 1999a]
     [Bieber 1994]; [Reich 1999a]
     [Bieber 1995]; [Bieber 1999a]
     [Bieber 1997]; [Reich 1999a], [Cailliau 1999]
     [Bieber 1997a]; [Vitali 1999a], [Bieber 1999a]
     [Bieber 1997b]; [Vitali 1999a], [Bieber 1999a]
     [Bieber 1998]; [Furner 1999], [Bieber 1999a]
     [Bieber 1999]; [Vitali 1999a], [Bieber 1999a]
     [Bieber 1999a]; [Anderson 1999b], [Bieber 1999]
     [Yoo 2000]; [Bieber 1999]
Bier, E.
  bibliographic references, [Cousins 1997]; [Shipman 1999a]
Bigelow J.
  bibliographic references, [Bigelow 1988]; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
binary
  relational model of the link, [Ashman 1997a] bibliographic reference; [Verbyla 1999]
binding
  See Also closure
Biology
  Journal of Biological Chemistry, as innovative electronic scholarly journal; [Treloar 1999]
Birchall, A.
  bibliographic references, [Rada 1993]; [Tudhope 1999]
bitmaps
  See Also 
     data formats
     graphics
  representation, XML inapplicable to; [DeRose 1999a]
Blissett, G. M.
  bibliographic references, [Atkins 1989]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
Blustein, W. J.
  bibliographic references
     [Blustein 1997]; [Furner 1999]
     [Blustein 1999]; [Furner 1999]
Bobrow, Daniel
  bibliographic references, [Goldstein 1984]; [Vitali 1999]
Böcker, H.
  bibliographic references, [Hohl 1996]; [De Bra 1999]
Bodner, Richard C.
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Dynamic hypertext: querying and linking"; [Bodner 1999a]
  bibliographic references
     [Bodner 1997]; [Bodner 1999a]
     [Bodner 1999]; [Bodner 1999a]
     [Bodner 1999a]; [De Bra 1999]
Bogaerts, Walter F. L.
  bibliographic references, [Arents 1993]; [Tudhope 1999]
Bollacker, Kurt D.
  bibliographic references, [Giles 1998]; [Shipman 1999a]
Bolter, Jay David
  bibliographic references
     [Bolter 1991]; [Treloar 1999]
     [Bolter 1999]; [Bernstein 1999]
     [Dieberger 1995]; [Shipman 1999a]
bookmark(s)/bookmarking
  See Also annotation(s)
  as annotation mechanism; [Bieber 1999a]
  Linking Ability support; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  prohibition, as broken link prevention strategy; [Davis 1999a]
  spatial organization
     2D, Web Squirrel; [Shipman 1999a]
     3D, WebBook; [Benford 1999]
     3D, WebForager; [Benford 1999]
  tours and trails compared with; [Reich 1999a]
bootstrapping
  collective intelligence; [Engelbart 1998]
"Bootstrapping Our Collective Intelligence"; [Engelbart 1998]
border style
  as information typing mechanism in VIKI; [Shipman 1999a]
Borko, H.
  bibliographic references, [Tarr 1974]; [Furner 1999]
Bos, Bert
  bibliographic references, [Bos 1998]; [DeRose 1999a]
Botafogo, R. A.
  bibliographic references
     [Botafogo 1992]; [Mukherjea 1999], [Furner 1999], [Wilkinson 1999]
     [Rivlin 1994]; [Wilkinson 1999]
boundaries
  See Also 
     patterns
     spatial
     structures
     topologies
  decision, automatic determination using examples; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  topic
     hypertext link placement relationship to; [Green 1999a]
     lexical chaining use for discovering; [Green 1999a]
Boutin, F.
  bibliographic references, [Chinien 1994]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
Bouvin, N. O.
  bibliographic references
     [Davis 1999]; [Lewis 1999]
     [Grønbæk 1997]; [Wiil 1999c], [Carr 1999], [Anderson 1999b]
Boy, G. A.
  bibliographic references, [Boy 1991]; [Wilkinson 1999]
Boyle, C.
  bibliographic references, [Boyle 1994]; [De Bra 1999]
Bröder, Andrei Z.
  bibliographic references
     [Bharat 1998a]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Bharat 1998b]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Bharat 1999]; [Li 1999]
Braekevelt, P.
  bibliographic references, [Pollitt 1997]; [Tudhope 1999]
Brailsford, David F.
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Three dimensional visualization of the World Wide Web"; [Benford 1999]
  bibliographic references
     [Benford 1999]; [Mukherjea 1999], [De Bra 1999]
     [Brailsford 1998]; [Brailsford 1999]
     [Brailsford 1999]; [Vitali 1999], [Vitali 1999a]
branching tours
  See Also 
     navigation
     paths
     structure
     tours
     trails
  [Shipman 1998] bibliographic reference; [Reich 1999a]
  [Trigg 1988] bibliographic reference; [Reich 1999a]
Bray, Tim
  bibliographic references
     [Bray 1996]; [Benford 1999]
     [Bray 1997]; [Shipman 1999a]
     [Bray 1998]; [Anderson 1999b], [DeRose 1999a], [Hardman 1999a]
     [Bray 1999]; [Shipman 1999a]
breadcrumbs
  See Also 
     annotation
     bookmark(s)/bookmarking
     naviation
     tours
     trails
  bibliographic references, [Bernstein 1988]; [Bernstein 1999]
  typographically distinguished links as, in WWW; [Bernstein 1999]
breast-outline hypertext structure map
  See Also 
     patterns
     structure(s)/structural
  as feminist symbol, [Strickland 1998] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
Brew, Chris
  bibliographic references, [McKelvie 1998]; [Brailsford 1999]
Bridie Saccocio
  bibliographic references, [Ayars 1999]; [Hardman 1999a]
Briggs, J.
  bibliographic references, [Hutchings 1992]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
Brin, S.
  bibliographic references, [Brin 1998]; [Kleinberg 1999], [Li 1999], [Chakrabarti 1999d]
Brodbeck, D.
  bibliographic references, [Chalmers 1998]; [Reich 1999a]
broken links
  See Also 
     content, reference problem
     link(s)/linking
     reference integrity
     versioning
  as annotation problem, [Davis 1999] bibliographic reference; [Cailliau 1999]
  correction of; [Davis 1999a]
  minimization of, as query-based dynamic hypertext advantage; [Bodner 1999a]
  as open hypermedia link service issue; [Carr 1999]
  prevention, global persistent names use for, [W3C 1998a] bibliographic reference; [Davis 1999a]
  survey of issues; [Davis 1999a]
  as URL deficiency, W3C URN and DOI standards seek to solve; [DeRose 1999a]
  Xanadu prevention strategies; [Nelson 1999k]
Brooks, Frederick P., Jr.
  bibliographic references
     [Brooks 1987]; [Anderson 1999b]
     [Brooks 1995]; [Anderson 1999b]
Brown, C. C.
  bibliographic references
     [Benford 1996]; [Benford 1999]
     [Benford 1997]; [Benford 1999]
     [Brown 1996]; [Benford 1999]
     [Snowdon 1997]; [Benford 1999]
Brown, E.
  bibliographic references, [Brown 1995]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
Brown, M.
  bibliographic references, [Sarkar 1994]; [Mukherjea 1999]
Brown, Peter J.
  bibliographic references
     [Brown 1987]; [Lewis 1999]
     [Brown 1989]; [Bernstein 1999]
Brown University
  education projects; [van Dam 1999]
  publications; [DeRose 1999a], [van Dam 1999]
browsing/browsers
  See Also 
     IR (information retrieval)
     maps
     navigation
     queries
     tours
     trails
  browsable concept descriptors
     [Bruza 1990] bibliographic reference; [Tudhope 1999]
     as navigation tool; [Tudhope 1999]
     [Pollard 1993] bibliographic reference; [Tudhope 1999]
  Debate Browser
     as MetaEdit+ tool; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     [Oinas-Kukkonen 1996] bibliographic reference; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     usability studies; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  Guidon browser, early hypertext electronic journal use; [Treloar 1999]
  Harmony Internet Browser; [Mukherjea 1999]
  history
     back and forward operation support of; [Cailliau 1999]
     visualization of; [Benford 1999]
  HotSauce browser
     [HotSauce 1999]; [Benford 1999]
     as spatial hypertext visualization of the WWW; [Benford 1999]
  HTML, link traversal behavior; [Hardman 1999a]
  hyperbolic
     as Focus + Context technique; [Mukherjea 1999]
     [Lamping 1995] bibliographic reference; [Mukherjea 1999]
  information
     Adaptive Hypermedia: From Systems to Framework; [De Bra 1999]
     "Adaptive Hypermedia: From Systems to Framework"; [De Bra 1999]
  integration with querying, in dynamic hypertext; [Bodner 1999a]
  as navigation; [Bieber 1999a]
  NeXTStep, authoring in, for Berners-Lee's distributed hypertext system proposal; [Cailliau 1999]
  topic, directory-based, as WWW information retrieval technique; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  unification with querying, as dynamic hypertext property; [Bodner 1999a]
  user interface between browsing and, research issues; [Tudhope 1999]
Brusilovsky, Peter
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Adaptive hypermedia: from systems to framework"; [De Bra 1999]
  bibliographic references
     [Brusilovsky 1996]; [Bodner 1999a]
     [Brusilovsky 1996a]; [De Bra 1999]
     [Brusilovsky 1996b]; [De Bra 1999]
     [Brusilovsky 1998a]; [De Bra 1999]
     [Brusilovsky 1998b]; [De Bra 1999]
Bruza, P.
  bibliographic references, [Bruza 1990]; [Tudhope 1999]
Buchanan, M. Cecelia
  bibliographic references, [Buchanan 1993]; [Hardman 1999a]
Buckley, C.
  bibliographic references, [Salton 1991]; [Wilkinson 1999]
Bullock, J.
  bibliographic references, [Bullock 1998]; [Tudhope 1999], [Lewis 1999]
bullseye metaphor
  See Also metaphors
  as hypermedia visualization metaphor, [Charriere 1997] bibliographic reference; [Mukherjea 1999]
Bulterman, Dick C. A.
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Hypermedia: the link with time"; [Hardman 1999a]
  bibliographic references, [Hardman 1999]; [Hardman 1999a]
Burbules, N. C.
  bibliographic references, [Burbules 1998]; [Kopak 1999]
Burchard P.
  bibliographic references, [Munzner 1995]; [Benford 1999]
Burks, M.
  bibliographic references, [Roth 1996]; [Mukherjea 1999]
Burnard, Lou
  bibliographic references, [Sperberg-McQueen 1994]; [Shipman 1999a]
Bush, Vannevar
  See Also 
     memex
     pioneers
     trails
  bibliographic reference, [Bush 1945]; [Wiil 1999c], [Treloar 1999], [Carr 1999], [Lewis 1999], [Reich 1999a], [Shipman 1999a], [Bodner 1999a], [Furner 1999], [Cailliau 1999]
  bibliographic reference and URL, [Bush 1945]; [Nelson 1999k]
  trails, as transclusions; [Nelson 1999k]
C&C Research Laboratories
  publications; [Li 1999]
caching
  as transclusion form; [Nelson 1999k]
  transcopyright issues and solutions; [Nelson 1999k]
  transcopyright use; [Nelson 1999k]
Caerdroia Journal
  [Caerdroia 1999] bibliographic reference and URL; [Nelson 1999k]
Cailliau, Robert
  See Also WWW (World-Wide Web)
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Hypertext in the Web - a history"; [Cailliau 1999]
  bibliographic references
     [Berners-Lee 1992]; [Carr 1999]
     [Berners-Lee 1994]; [Wiil 1999c]
  scholarly communication concerns; [Treloar 1999]
Calvi, Licia
  bibliographic references
     [Calvi 1997]; [Wilkinson 1999]
     [Calvi 1998]; [Wilkinson 1999]
     [Calvi 1999]; [Bernstein 1999]
     [De Bra 1997]; [De Bra 1999]
     [De Bra 1998]; [De Bra 1999]
Campagnini, F. R.
  bibliographic references, [Campagnini 1989]; [Bodner 1999a]
Campbell, Bruce
  bibliographic references, [Campbell 1987]; [Wiil 1999c], [Anderson 1999b]
Candan, K. Selçuk
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Integrating content search with structure analysis for hypermedia retrieval and management"; [Li 1999]
capture/capturing
  See Also author/authoring
  argumentation structures in hypertext link topologies, [Conklin 1988] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
  divergent views in hypertext link topologies, [Streitz 1992] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
  of scholarly analysis in hypertext link topologies, [Kolb 1994] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
Card, Stuart K.
  bibliographic references
     [Card 1996]; [Mukherjea 1999], [Shipman 1999a], [Benford 1999]
     [Chi 1998]; [Mukherjea 1999], [Benford 1999]
     [Mackinlay 1991]; [Mukherjea 1999]
     [Rao 1994]; [Mukherjea 1999]
cardinality
  HTML alternatives; [Verbyla 1999]
  HTML link limitations; [Verbyla 1999]
Carr, Leslie A.
  ACM-CSHT publications
     "The evolution of hypertext link services"; [Carr 1999]
     "The significance of linking"; [Lewis 1999]
     "Where have you been from here? Trails in hypertext systems"; [Reich 1999a]
  bibliographic references
     [Brailsford 1998]; [Brailsford 1999]
     [Carr 1995]; [Wiil 1999c], [Lewis 1999], [Anderson 1999b], [Cailliau 1999]
     [Carr 1998]; [Reich 1999a], [Vitali 1999a]
     [Carr 2000]; [Lewis 1999]
     [Lewis 2000]; [Vitali 1999a]
Carriere, J.
  bibliographic references
     [Carriere 1996]; [Mukherjea 1999]
     [Carriere 1997]; [Mukherjea 1999]
CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering)
  See Also 
     engineering
     software engineering
  environments
     key features of; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     key features of, [Chikofsky 1988] bibliographic reference; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     tool support needs, [Oinas-Kukkonen 1992] bibliographic reference; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  functionality, hypertext improvement of; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  hypertext
     environments, (table); [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     information modeling tools, (table); [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     integration with, taxonomy, (table); [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     subsystems, (table); [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  hypertext support for; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  intermediary hypertext agent
     CASE environment role; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
     in MetaEdit+, (figure); [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  MetaPHOR research project; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  tools, transpointing windows advantages over; [Nelson 1999k]
case relations
  as relation type, (footnote); [Kopak 1999]
catalog/cataloging
  See Also 
     categorization
     classification
     taxonomy
  of hypertext design patterns; [Bernstein 1999]
  library techniques, application to WWW and large hypertexts; [Tudhope 1999]
  relationship of information access to; [Tudhope 1999]
category(s)
  conversational associative, in Cleary and Bareiss' link taxonomy; [Kopak 1999]
Caughey, S.
  bibliographic references, [Ingham 1996]; [Davis 1999a]
CB-OHS (component-based open hypermedia systems)
  See Also 
     component(s)
     OHS (Open Hypermedia Systems)
  characteristics and examples; [Wiil 1999c]
  multiple open services relationship to; [Wiil 1999c]
CBN (content-based navigation)
  See Also 
     content
     navigation
  characteristics; [Lewis 1999]
CBR (content-based retrieval)
  See Also 
     content
     IR (information retrieval)
  metadata retrieval vs.; [Lewis 1999]
CERN
  distributed hypertext system proposal, [[Berners-Lee 1989] bibliographic reference; [Cailliau 1999]
Chaffin, R.
  bibliographic references
     [Chaffin 1984]; [Kopak 1999]
     [Chaffin 1987]; [Kopak 1999]
chaining
  See lexical, chaining
Chakrabarti, Soumen
  See Also IR (information retrieval)
  bibliographic references
     [Chakrabarti 1998a]; [Li 1999], [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Chakrabarti 1998b]; [Li 1999], [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Chakrabarti 1998c]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Chakrabarti 1999]; [Li 1999]
     [Chakrabarti 1999a]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Chakrabarti 1999b]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Chakrabarti 1999c]; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     [Chakrabarti 2000]; [Reich 1999a]
Chalmers, M.
  bibliographic references
     [Chalmers 1992]; [Mukherjea 1999]
     [Chalmers 1998]; [Reich 1999a]
Chaney, R.J.
  bibliographic references, [Shipman 1989]; [Shipman 1999a]
change
  See Also 
     time
     versioning
  based vs. state-based versioning, hypermedia versioning compared with; [Vitali 1999]
  tracking, as Xanadu goal; [Nelson 1999k]
  in trails, issues and research questions; [Reich 1999a]
  of understanding over time, spatial hypertext support of; [Shipman 1999a]
Chapman, R. L.
  bibliographic references, [Chapman 1992]; [Green 1999a]
Charoenkitkarn, N.
  bibliographic references, [Charoenkitkarn 1995]; [Bodner 1999a]
Chemistry
  Journal of Biological Chemistry, as innovative electronic scholarly journal; [Treloar 1999]
Chen, C.
  bibliographic references
     [Chen 1997]; [Mukherjea 1999]
     [Chen 1998]; [Mukherjea 1999]
Chi, E.
  bibliographic references, [Chi 1998]; [Mukherjea 1999], [Benford 1999]
  Time Tubes, [Chi 1998] bibliographic reference; [Mukherjea 1999]
Chiaramella, Y.
  bibliographic references, [Chiaramella 1996]; [Tudhope 1999]
Chignell, Mark H.
  ACM-CSHT publications, "Dynamic hypertext: querying and linking"; [Bodner 1999a]
  bibliographic references
     [Bodner 1999a]; [De Bra 1999]
     [Chignell 1991]; [Wilkinson 1999]
Chikofsky, E.J.
  bibliographic references, [Chikofsky 1988]; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
Chimera
  See Also versioning
  as link server hypermedia system; [Wiil 1999c]
  link server hypermedia system, [Anderson 1994] bibliographic reference; [Wiil 1999c]
  link service model; [Carr 1999]
     [Anderson 1994] bibliographic reference; [Carr 1999]
  software engineering support in an OHS framework; [Anderson 1999b]
  version support, [Whitehead 1994] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
  WWW support; [Carr 1999]
     [Anderson 1997] bibliographic reference; [Carr 1999]
Chinien, C.
  bibliographic references, [Chinien 1994]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
Chitson, P.
  bibliographic references, [Chalmers 1992]; [Mukherjea 1999]
choice
  See Also 
     annotations
     extensibility
     reader/reading
  of information sequencing, as user understanding aid; [Bieber 1999a]
  reader, temporal links as subversion device; [Bernstein 1999]
Christodoulou, S.
  bibliographic references, [Christodoulou 1998]; [Bieber 1999]
Christophidis, V
  bibliographic references, [Doerr 1997]; [Tudhope 1999]
Chubachi, Yoshihide
  as Xanadu designer; [Nelson 1999k]
Chung,T.
  bibliographic references, [Loo 1990]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
citation
  See Also 
     annotation
     scholarly
  analysis
     indexing and, as social networks application; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     methods, influence weights; [Kleinberg 1999]
     methods, scientific journal, [Egghe 1990] bibliographic reference; [Kleinberg 1999]
     strategies, as WWW structure analysis tool; [Kleinberg 1999]
  behavior, MRF capture and use of; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  co-citation
     algorithm, Web path identification use; [Li 1999]
     analysis and indexing, as social networks application; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
     relationships, as document query ranking measure; [Li 1999]
  enrichment, as WWW contribution to scholarly publishing; [Treloar 1999]
clan graphs
  as WWW visualization technique, [Terveen 1998] bibliographic reference; [Mukherjea 1999]
Clark, James
  bibliographic references, [Clark 1999]; [Shipman 1999a]
Clark, R. E.
  bibliographic references, [Clark 1985]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
class(es)
  elements as, behavioral advantages of; [DeRose 1999a]
  inclusion, as relation type, (footnote); [Kopak 1999]
classification
  See Also 
     analysis
     categorization
     taxonomy
  bibliographic references
     [Parunak 1991]; [Wiil 1999c]
     [Parunak 1993]; [Wiil 1999c]
  feature, examples importance for; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  as focused crawler component; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  as hypermedia structuring principles application; [Wiil 1999c]
  of hypertext components, Dexter hypertext reference model; [Carr 1999]
  hypertext link type, See 
     dynamic
     lattice
     node-link
     set-based
     spatial
     time, time-based links
     torus
  of indexing systems; [Tudhope 1999]
  of links; [Verbyla 1999]
  systems, semantic indexing use; [Tudhope 1999]
Cleary, Chip
  bibliographic references, [Cleary 1996]; [Kopak 1999]
Clever search engine
  topic distillation use; [Li 1999]
     [Kleinberg 1998] bibliographic reference; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
client-server architecture
  See Also WWW (World-Wide Web)
  Microcosm alternative to; [Carr 1999]
close reading
  of"afternoon: a story"
     [Aarseth 1997] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
     [Walker 1999] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
  of"Victory Garden", [Gaggi 1997] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
closed
  environment, open environment vs., in broken link handling; [Carr 1999]
  tag set, as HTML deficiency that XML addresses; [DeRose 1999a]
closure
  See Also binding
clustering
  in 3D visualization, as Narcissus mechanism for scaling; [Benford 1999]
  See Also IR (information retrieval)
  in information retrieval
     as information space simplification technique; [Mukherjea 1999]
     techniques, [Pirolli 1996] bibliographic reference; [Mukherjea 1999]
     techniques, [van Rijsbergen 1979] bibliographic reference; [Mukherjea 1999]
  trailbase management use; [Reich 1999a]
co-citation
  See Also 
     annotation
     citation
  algorithm
     See Also algorithms
     Web path identification use; [Li 1999]
  analysis and indexing, as social networks application; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  relationships, as document query ranking measure; [Li 1999]
codex
  end of, [Coover 1992] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
coefficients
  Dice, similarity measures; [Furner 1999]
  similarity, quantifying degree of similarity with; [Furner 1999]
cognitive
  See Also 
     concept(s)/conceptual
     semantics
  overhead
     See Also spatial hypertext
     navigation alternatives; [Tudhope 1999]
     as versioning author cost; [Vitali 1999]
  problems, with hypermedia version freezing and element selection, [Østerbye 1992] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
  reasoning vs. perceptual reasoning, information visualization impact; [Mukherjea 1999]
  tasks, consistency issues, [Saracevic 1991] bibliographic reference; [Furner 1999]
Cohen, Aaron
  bibliographic references, [Ayars 1999]; [Hardman 1999a]
Cohen, P. A.
  bibliographic references, [Kulik 1998]; [Quentin-Baxter 1999]
cohesion/coherence
  See Also 
     IR (information retrieval)
     relationships
     spatial hypertext
  lexical, lexical chaining and; [Green 1999a]
  relations between texts, lexical chaining use for discovering; [Green 1999a]
  semantics of; [Green 1999a]
  in understanding hypertext documents; [Reich 1999a]
COIR project
  association of media-based representation with semantics; [Lewis 1999]
Coleman, A. S.
  bibliographic references, [Coleman 1996]; [Treloar 1999]
collaborative/collaboration
  3D WWW visualization support for, [Benford 1996] bibliographic reference; [Benford 1999]
  See Also 
     annotations
     CSCW (computer-supported cooperative work)
     distributed
     WWW (World-Wide Web)
  as application for MOS middleware services; [Wiil 1999c]
  authoring, versioning advantages for; [Vitali 1999]
  CASE environment tools for, weaknesses of; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  in distributed hypermedia
     versioning issues, [Durand 1994] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
     versioning issues, [Hicks 1995] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
  electronic requirements; [Nelson 1999k]
  emergent, versioning encouragement of, [Maioli 1994] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
  external link advantages, advantages; [Vitali 1999]
  hypermedia
     as aid to, [Kuutti 1998] bibliographic reference; [Bieber 1999a]
     structuring principles application; [Wiil 1999c]
     versioning importance for; [Vitali 1999]
  peer review process in scholarly publishing, JIME innovations; [Treloar 1999]
  physical/virtual reality collaboration space, Internet Foyer; [Benford 1999]
  services, as multiple open services component; [Wiil 1999c]
  in shared visualization environment, Information Garden; [Benford 1999]
  spatial hypertext
     aids; [Vitali 1999]
     support for; [Shipman 1999a]
  [Streitz et al. 1992] bibliographic reference; [Wiil 1999c]
  trails use for; [Reich 1999a]
  versioning, in HyperClas, [Dattolo 1996] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
  [Wiil 1992] bibliographic reference; [Wiil 1999c]
  writing, capturing divergent views in hypertext link topologies; [Bernstein 1999]
  Xanadu support for; [Nelson 1999k]
collections
  See Also 
     aggregation
     composites
     digital libraries
  of constrained media items, temporal composites defined as; [Hardman 1999a]
  document, semantically-based retrieval tool role; [Tudhope 1999]
Collier, G.
  bibliographic references, [Collier 1987]; [Tudhope 1999]
collocation
  See Also 
     IR (information retrieval)
     spatial hypertext
  as lexical cohesive relation; [Green 1999a]
color
  See Also graphics
  as cost-effective online addition to scholarly journals; [Treloar 1999]
  as information typing mechanism in VIKI; [Shipman 1999a]
commentary(s)
  See Also 
     analysis
     annotation
     scholarly/scholarship
     versioning
  as annotation mechanism; [Bieber 1999a]
  emergent, versioning encouragement of, [Maioli 1994] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
  as parallel documents; [Nelson 1999k]
  peer review process in scholarly publishing, JIME innovations; [Treloar 1999]
  social, breast-outline hypertext structure map as, [Strickland 1998] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
  transpointing window use for; [Nelson 1999k]
  versioning issues; [Vitali 1999]
communication/communities
  See Also 
     CSCW (computer-supported cooperative work)
     social, networks
  design team, hypertext support for; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  hubs, authorities and, [Kleinberg 2000] bibliographic reference; [Kleinberg 1999]
  latent WWW, topic distillation use for identifying; [Li 1999]
  linking based on; [Carr 1999]
  representation of, by hubs/authority relationship weighting; [Kleinberg 1999]
  scholarly; [Treloar 1999]
     concerns, [Bush 1945] bibliographic reference; [Treloar 1999]
     as WWW motivation; [Treloar 1999]
companion algorithm
  Web path identification use; [Li 1999]
comparision
  See Also 
     analysis
     argumentation
  as versioning advantage; [Vitali 1999]
comparison
  side-by-side, transclusion use for; [Nelson 1999k]
complex/complexity
  See Also analysis
  of hypertext networks, versioning issues; [Vitali 1999]
  narrative
     hypertext structure cycles imporance for, [Calvi 1999] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
     hypertext structure cycles imporance for, [Tosca 1999] bibliographic reference; [Bernstein 1999]
  project management, versioning importance for; [Vitali 1999]
  reduction, in a CASE environment, as hypertext role; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  in software engineering, [Brooks 1987] bibliographic reference; [Anderson 1999b]
component(s)
  See Also 
     collections
     composite(s)
     modularity
     OHS (Open Hypermedia Systems)
  CB-OHS (component-based open hypermedia systems), characteristics and examples; [Wiil 1999c]
  design, hypertext modeling of relationships among; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999]
  document, non-node, XPointer addressing of; [DeRose 1999a]
  focused crawler; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  hypertext network, versioning issues; [Vitali 1999]
  multiple open services
     middleware; [Wiil 1999c]
     structure-aware stores; [Wiil 1999c]
  open architecture use of; [Wiil 1999c]
  open hypermedia systems; [Anderson 1999b]
  RNA methodology; [Bieber 1999]
  runtime switching of, as Microcosm capability; [Carr 1999]
  system, encapsulation of, as Microcosm capability; [Carr 1999]
  Xanadu back end; [Nelson 1999k]
composite(s)
  See Also 
     classification
     component(s)
     structures
  atemporal, gathering mechanism for; [Hardman 1999a]
  nodes, trails relationship to; [Reich 1999a]
  spatial, representation difficulties in open hypermedia research challenge; [Shipman 1999a]
  temporal
     defined as collection of constrained media items; [Hardman 1999a]
     SMIL 1.0 recommendations; [Hardman 1999a]
  WWW, information units as; [Li 1999]
computer vision
  See Also 
     AI
     multimedia
  content-based retrieval issues; [Lewis 1999]
computing/computational/computed
  on discrete structures; [Kleinberg 1999]
  linking, as navigation; [Bieber 1999a]
  links
     human-authored links use with; [Tudhope 1999]
     hybrid query/navigation tool use; [Tudhope 1999]
  of links at runtime, as dynamic link characteristic; [Bodner 1999a]
  models, universality of, contribution to WWW success; [Kleinberg 1999]
  runtime increase in, as query-based dynamic hypertext disadvantage; [Bodner 1999a]
  structural, See SC (structural computing)
concept(s)/conceptual
  See Also 
     cognitive
     semantics
  in adaptive hypermedia domain model; [De Bra 1999]
  -based navigation and information retrieval; [Lewis 1999]
     [Beynon-Davies 1994] bibliographic reference; [Lewis 1999]
     [Bullock 1998] bibliographic reference; [Lewis 1999]
     [Cunliffe 1997] bibliographic reference; [Lewis 1999]
     [Nanard 1991] bibliographic reference; [Lewis 1999]
     [Tudhope 2000] bibliographic reference; [Lewis 1999]
  browsable concept descriptors, as navigation tool; [Tudhope 1999]
  content vs., representation issues; [Lewis 1999]
  hypertext, [Conklin 1987] bibliographic reference; [Bodner 1999a]
  navigation and information retrieval based on; [Lewis 1999]
  neighborhood of text content, representation, synset use, [Green 1999] bibliographic reference; [Green 1999a]
  overhead
     in version freezing, [Durand 1994] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
     in version freezing, [Hicks 1995] bibliographic reference; [Vitali 1999]
  overload, of implicit relationships, on software engineering projects; [Anderson 1999b]
  relationships among, in adaptive hypermedia domain model; [De Bra 1999]
  representation of, as Xanadu goal; [Nelson 1999k]
  Xanadu; [Nelson 1999k]
concurrency control
  See Also distributed
  as multiple open services core collaboration service; [Wiil 1999c]
conditional inclusion
  of fragments
     [De Bra 1997] bibliographic reference; [De Bra 1999]
     [De Bra 1998] bibliographic reference; [De Bra 1999]
cone trees
  See Also 
     visualization
     Xerox PARC
  HyperVIS use; [Benford 1999]
configurations
  multiple, possibilities, in external relationship linkbases; [Anderson 1999b]
conjunction
  See Also 
     patterns
     rhetoric
     structure
  as"Intergrams" rhetorical device; [Bernstein 1999]
Conklin, Jeff
  bibliographic references
     [Conklin 1987]; [Wiil 1999c], [Shipman 1999a], [Bodner 1999a], [Bernstein 1999], [Vitali 1999a]
     [Conklin 1988]; [Oinas-Kukkonen 1999], [Shipman 1999a], [Bernstein 1999]
     [Conklin 1989]; [Bieber 1999a]
connection(s)/connectivity
  See Also 
     links
     relationships
     Xanadu
  in graphs, social networks theory use; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  links viewed as; [Davis 1999a]
  links vs. transclusions; [Nelson 1999k]
  lists, as Xanadu back end component; [Nelson 1999k]
  relationships, as document query ranking measure; [Li 1999]
  rich, support for, as Xanadu goal; [Nelson 1999k]
  server, HITS modification, [Bharat 1998b] bibliographic reference; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  strength, influence on prominance ranking analysis of social networks; [Kleinberg 1999]
  of synsets, by hypernym links; [Green 1999a]
  two-way, as Xanadu goal; [Nelson 1999k]
  Xanadu view of; [Nelson 1999k]
Conradi, R.
  bibliographic references, [Conradi 1998]; [Vitali 1999]
consistency
  See Also 
     attributes
     evaluation, criteria
  as hypertext authoring issue, [Ellis 1994] bibliographic reference; [Wilkinson 1999]
  inter-indexer, issues; [Furner 1999]
  in manual construction of hypertext documents; [Furner 1999]
constraints
  See Also 
     attributes
     evaluation, criteria
     requirements
     structure
  in temporal relationship specifications
     [Ackermann 1994] bibliographic reference; [Hardman 1999a]
     [Buchanan 1993] bibliographic reference; [Hardman 1999a]
     [Jourdan 1998] bibliographic reference; [Hardman 1999a]
     [Kim 1995] bibliographic reference; [Hardman 1999a]
contamination
  See Also 
     errors
     versioning
  in information retrieval, strategies for reducing; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
content(s)
  See Also 
     CBR (content-based retrieval)
     concept/conceptual
     links
     markup
     semantics
     structure
     text
     XML
  analysis, indexing and; [Li 1999]
  -based links, in Baron's taxonomy; [Kopak 1999]
  -based navigation
     characteristics; [Lewis 1999]
     in non-text media, [Hirata 1996] bibliographic reference; [Lewis 1999]
  -based retrieval
     metadata retrieval vs.; [Lewis 1999]
     and navigation issues, [Davis 1999] bibliographic reference; [Lewis 1999]
     and navigation issues, [Davis 2000] bibliographic reference; [Lewis 1999]
     and navigation issues, [Grønbæk 1996] bibliographic reference; [Lewis 1999]
  concept vs., representation issues; [Lewis 1999]
  document, linking based on; [Carr 1999]
  links
     See Also link(s)/linking
     how they survive in Xanadu; [Nelson 1999k]
     internal structure; [Nelson 1999k]
     structure preservation in; [Nelson 1999k]
     why they don't break in Xanadu; [Nelson 1999k]
     in Xanadu; [Nelson 1999k]
     as Xanadu connection type; [Nelson 1999k]
  list, as sequential document representation, in Xanadu; [Nelson 1999k]
  location vs., in generic links; [Lewis 1999]
  reference
     broken link issues; [Davis 1999a]
     dangling links vs.; [Davis 1999a]
     link relationship to; [Davis 1999a]
  search, integration with structure analysis; [Li 1999]
  structure separation from, broken link strategies; [Davis 1999a]
  table of, next and previous browser operation support of; [Cailliau 1999]
  value of; [Lewis 1999]
  as WWW element; [Mukherjea 1999]
context(s)/contextual
  See Also 
     Focus + Context views
     navigation
     paths
     trails
     transclusion
     views
  deep context following, as transclusion advantage in huge digital universe; [Nelson 1999k]
  email quotations, transclusion preservation of; [Nelson 1999k]
  global, balancing with local detail, in information visualization; [Mukherjea 1999]
  as hypertext structure; [Bieber 1999a]
  information, as user understanding aid; [Bieber 1999a]
  link source and destination, as part of semantics of a link; [Verbyla 1999]
  link versioning role; [Vitali 1999]
  sensitivity, as WWW information retrieval problem; [Chakrabarti 1999d]
  specification, in Trigg's link taxonomy; [Kopak 1999]
  transcopyright preservation of; [Nelson 1999k]
  user, dynamic hypertext consideration of; [Wilkinson 1999]
  in XPath syntax; [DeRose 1999a]
contingent
  links, HTML expression; [Verbyla 1999]
co